Posts, pads, girders and sills
Posts stand on pads or footings and hold the girders, which carry the floor joists. A new post on a new concrete pad, set under a straightened girder, is one shape the repair can take, and joists or girders that are damaged may need replacing or reinforcing.
The sill plate is the lumber resting on the foundation wall that carries the framing above it. Each sill scope is written for the house, and an engineer may be involved where structure is affected.
Moisture under the house
The USDA Forest Service decay manual states that damp wood, if it stays damp for any length of time, becomes infected with decay fungi and loses weight and strength. New posts set in a crawlspace that stays wet meet the same damp, so the job includes the source of the water.
In both vented and unvented crawlspaces, Building America calls for heavy polyethylene ground cover sealed to the walls and piers, and it counts grading and perimeter drainage among the sources of bulk water. Here ground cover is a moisture measure inside the repair, not a service of its own. For water outside, see the foundation drainage page.
Working in a low crawlspace
Low headroom, damp soil and a tight hatch shape the job. Low crawlspaces are generally worked by hand, with the floor supported while posts or girders are replaced.
A crawlspace repair that replaces or alters structural members is a permit question. The regional tip sheet says a permit is required for work not on its exempt list. Ask the Permit Center about your address.
What changes the cost
The amount of work under a floor varies a lot, and the price follows what is found:
- How many posts and pads need replacing
- Whether girders, joists or sill plates are damaged and by how much
- Headroom and access to the crawlspace
- How wet the space is, and whether drainage or ground cover is needed
- An engineer’s report if the structure is affected
- Permits and inspections
Soft framing under the house points toward a wet crawlspace, which the foundation drainage page addresses. A foundation that has moved is on the settlement and piering page. The Sammamish Foundation Repair home page lists the rest.